Interpretations of Black, Indigenous, and Women of Color (BIWOC) Leaders: Examining Identity, Response Styles, and Coping Mechanisms

Abstract

Identity is integral to how people come to understand their state of being, internally, in relation to others and within society. This study found that Black, Indigenous, and women of color (BIWOC) operating in leadership roles, constructed their identities using two frameworks: physical embodiment and social conduct. Once outlined, identity helped to inform how BIWOC responded when challenged within the workplace. A combination of mediated representations and interview data supported the following response styles: satire (comedic device), deliberate action, submission, and negotiated compromise. This understood, it was necessary to investigate coping mechanisms, as challenge can often incite confusion. Data showed that recreational activities and external support permitted the restoration of identity after it had been disrupted. Altogether, future studies should consider the frequency (how often) and the particular challenges BIWOC women face within the workplace, as compared to their White counterparts.