Exploring the Dual-Card Crisis Under the Information Asymmetry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33423/jabe.v27i1.7494Keywords:
business, economics, dual-card crisis, information asymmetry, adverse selections, moral hazardsAbstract
The article aimed to explore Taiwan’s dual-card crisis under the information asymmetry. Different from South Korea or Hong Kong, the card debts in Taiwan were derived from the credit cards and the cash cards. To achieve the goal, the article constructed the information asymmetry model combined with the adverse selections and the moral hazards. The results showed that the adverse selections and the moral hazards did exist in the dual-card market which led to the dual-card crisis. To cope with the dual-card crisis, the conclusion implied that the card debts in the dual-card market needed to be solved at the same time.
References
AI-Faryan, M.A.S., & Alokla, J. (2023). Do Publicly Listed Insurance Firms in Saudi Arabia Have Strong Corporate Governance? Economies, 11(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11010021
Akimova, O., & Petchenko, M. (2024). Information Asymmetry and its Influence on Financial Potential Evaluation: Correction Strategies. Scientific Opinion Economics and Management, 2(86). https://doi.org/10.32782/2521- 666X/2024-86-1
Alsabah, H., & Alibrahim, A. (2024). Moral hazard in online peer-to-peer lending. Applied Economics. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2024.2364933
Andersson, M., Ciarelli, J.P.J., & Palacio, A.F. (2024). Resilience to economic shrinking: Reinterpreting the Asian economic miracle in a comparative perspective. Development Studies Research, 11(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2024.2309207
Assab, A. (2023). Flood Insurance, Building Codes, and Public Adaptation: Implications for Airport Investment and Financial Constraints. J. Risk Financial Manag., 16(8), 363. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16080363
Azarberahman, A., Pakdelan, S., & Tohidinia, M. (2023). Accounting similarities, sophisticated investors, relevance and information asymmetry. International Journal of Applied Economics Finance and Accounting, 17(1), 186–201. https://doi.org/10.33094/ijaefa.v17i1.1097
Bakhiet, B.S.A. (2024). Financial statements readability and stock price crash risk: The mediating roles of information asymmetry and stock liquidity. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-10-2023-0636
Batool, Z., Sajid, A.N., Hamid, I., & Hameed, W. (2024). Information Asymmetry and Investor's Financial Behavior: A Mediation of Perceived Risk and Perceived Failure. Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 12(2), 1094–1109. https://doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i2.2154
Bloom, D., & Williamson, J.G. (1998). Demographic Transitions and Economic Miracles in Emerging Asia. The World Bank Economic Review, 12(3), 419–55. https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/12.3.419
Brunnquell, D., & Michaelson, C.M. (2016). Moral Hazard in Pediatrics. The American Journal of Bioethics, 16(7), 29–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2016.1180441
Cai, Y.J., Choi, Y.M., & Zhang, J. (2021). Platform supported supply chain operations in the blockchain era: Supply contracting and moral hazards. Decision Sciences, 52(4), 866–892. https://doi.org/10.1111/deci.12475
Cao, Y., & Gruca, T.S. (2005). Reducing adverse selection through customer relationship management. Journal of Marketing, 69(4), 219–229. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.2005.69.4.219
Cheung, K.C., Yam, S.C.P., & Yuen, F.L. (2019). Reinsurance contract design with adverse selection. Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, 2019(9), 784–798. https://doi.org/10.1080/03461238.2019.1616323
Choi, H.S., & Laschever, R.A. (2018). The credit card debt puzzle and noncognitive ability. European Finance Review, 22(6), 2109–2137. https://doi.org/10.1093/rof/rfx020
Choi, K. (2009). Conformism, peer pressure and adverse selection. Applied Economics, 41(26), 3403–3409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03021-1
Cohen, A., & Siegelman, P. (2010). Testing for adverse selection in insurance markets. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 77(1), 39–84.
Crawford, T.W. (2005). Moral hazard, intervention and internal war: A conceptual analysis. Ethnopolitics, 4(2), 175–193. https://doi.org/10.1080/17449050500147234
Doherty, N.A., & Thistle, P.D. (1996). Adverse selection with endogenous information in insurance markets. Journal of Public Economics, 63(1), 83–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(95)01568-X
Fabel, O., & Lehmann, E.E. (2002). Adverse Selection and Market Substitution by Electronic Trade. International Journal of the Economics of Business, 9(2), 175–193. https://doi.org/10.1080/13571510210134646
Fischer, T., Frölich, M., & Landmann, A. (2023). Adverse selection in low-income health insurance markets: Evidence from an RCT in Pakistan. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 15(3), 313–340. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.20200639
Gan, C. (2020). Editorial for the Special Issue on Commercial Banking. J. Risk Financial Manag., 13(6), 111. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13060111
Georgiadis, G., Ravid, D., & Szentes, B. (2024). Flexible moral hazard problems. Econometrical, 92(2), 387–409. https://doi.org/10.3982/ECTA21383
Grabowski, R. (2003). Managing Economic Development in Asia: From Economic Miracle to Financial Crisis. Journal of Comparative Economics, 31(1), 169–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-5967(03)00010-6
Greene, C., & Stavins, J. (2023). Credit card debt puzzle: liquid assets to pay household bills. International Review of Economics, 70(4), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12232-023-00429-4
Hodgson, A. (2015). Adverse Selection in Health Insurance Markets: A Classroom Experiment. The Journal of Economic Education, 45(2), 90–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220485.2014.889931
Huang, B., & Thomas, L.C. (2014). Credit card pricing and impact of adverse selection. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 65(8), 1193–1201. https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2012.173
Krugman, P. (1994). The Myth of Asia's Miracle. Foreign Affairs New York, 73(6).
Kuperman, A.J. (2005). Suicidal rebellions and the moral hazard of humanitarian intervention. Ethnopolitics, 4(2), 149–173. https://doi.org/10.1080/17449050500147267
Lauridsen, L.S. (2013). No Miracle: What Asia Can Teach All Countries About Growth by Mitchell Wigdor (review). Journal of Southeast Asian Economies, 30(2), 231–233.
Lu, Z.Q. (2024). Information Asymmetry in Financial Markets: A Theoretical Review of Its Impact on IPO Underpricing. Highlights in Business Economics and Management, 24, 664–669. https://doi.org/10.54097/gwd4c047
Mark, J., & Browne, M.L. (1992). Evidence of adverse selection in the individual health insurance market. Journal of Risk and Insurance, pp. 13–33.
Marshall, J.M. (1976). Moral hazard. The American Economic Review, 66(5), 880–890. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/1827499
Michelle, O.S., & McCarthy, D. (2002). Estimating International Adverse Selection in Annuities. North American Actuarial Journal, 6(4), 38–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/10920277.2002.10596062
Norvilitis, J., Szablicki, P.B., & Wilson, S.D. (2023). Factors Influencing Levels of Credit‐Card Debt in College Students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33(5), 935–947. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2003.tb01932.x
Nzongang, J., & Dzukou, H.M.S. (2023). Customer Relationship Management and Adverse Selection: What Experiences for MFIS in Cameroon? Acta Universitatis Danubius. OEconomica, 19(5), 56–76.
Olabarrieta, U., San-Jose, L., & Araujo, A. (2023). The lemon market of insolvency proceedings in Spain in the new normal: Information, asymmetry, and adverse selection problems. Cogent Business & Management, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2266656
Pamdey, P., & Snekkenes, E. (2016). Using Financial Instruments to Transfer the Information Security Risks. Future Internet, 8(2), 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi8020020
Pauly, M.V. (1968). The economics of moral hazard: comment. The American Economic Review, pp. 531–537. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1813785
Pauly, M.V. (2024). Moral Hazard and Adverse Selection in Insurance Markets: Four Recent Books. International Journal of the Economics of Business. https://doi.org/10.1080/13571516.2024.2343172
Pierret, L., & Howarth, D. (2022). Moral Hazard, central bankers, and Banking Union: Professional dissensus and the politics of European financial system stability. Journal of European Integration, 45(1), 15–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2022.2156501
Poole, W. (2010). Ending Moral Hazard. Financial Analysts Journal, 66(3), 17–24. https://doi.org/10.2469/faj.v66.n3.7
Pulina, G. (2024). Credit card debt puzzle: Evidence from the euro area. Economics Letters, 236(4), 111586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2024.111586
Ricaldi, L.C., Martin, T.K., & Huston, S.J. (2022). Financial literacy and its impact on the credit card debt puzzle. Financial Services Review, 30(2), 107–124. https://doi.org/10.61190/fsr.v30i2.3477
Rigg, J. (2002). Of miracles and crises: (Re-)interpretations of growth and decline in East and Southeast Asia. Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 43(2), 137–156. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8373.00162
Schmid, G. (2020). Beyond European unemployment insurance. Less moral hazard, more moral assurance? Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, 26(4), 465–480. https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258920952666
Silova, E., & Kovina, E.E. (2023). The Problem of Overcoming Information Asymmetry Public Administration. Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University, 478(8), 274–282. https://doi.org/10.47475/1994-2796-2023-478-8-274-282
Silpachai, K., Siengthai, S., & Levermore, R. (2024). Corporate governance, information asymmetry and firm performance: Evidence from Thailand. Cogent Economics & Finance, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2024.2379583
Smith, B.D., & Stutzer, M.J. (1990). Adverse selection, aggregate uncertainty, and the role for mutual insurance contracts. Journal of Business, 493–510.
Soll, J.B., Keeney, R.L., & Larrick, R.P. (2013). Consumer Misunderstanding of Credit Card Use, Payments, and Debt: Causes and Solutions. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 32(1). https://doi.org/10.1509/jppm.11.061
Sprenger, C., & Stavins, J. (2008). Credit Card Debt and Payment Use. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1139134
Tahir, M., Richards, D.W., & Ahmed, A.D. (2020). Financial literacy, attitudes, and financial satisfaction: An assessment of credit card debt-taking behavior of Australians. Financial Services Review, 28(4), 273–301. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3563943
Telyukova, I., & Funding, M. (2013). Household Need for Liquidity and the Credit Card Debt Puzzle. Review of Economic Studies, 80(3). https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdt001
Tuttle, B., Harrell, A., & Harrison, P. (1997). Moral Hazard, Ethical Considerations, and the Decision to Implement an Information System. Journal of Management Information Systems, 13(4), 7–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1997.11518140
Wu, S.N., Goodwin, B.K., & Coble, K. (2020). Moral hazard and subsidized crop insurance. Agricultural Economics, 51(1), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12545
Williams, A. (2021). Moral hazard in a modern federation. Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 44(2), 173–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/01603477.2021.1872031
Yaacob, M.H., Thing, N.S., & Alias, N. (2024). Bridging the Gap Between Information Asymmetry and IR4.0: A Systematic Literature Review. Contemporary Issues in Finance, Investment and Banking in Malaysia, pp. 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5447-6_1
Yang, P.X., & Zhong, R.Y. (2023). An Empirical Test of Adverse Selection in Employee Maternity Insurance. Journal of Northeastern University (Social Science), 25(3), 95–105. https://doi.org/10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2023.03.011
Zhang, D.F. (2024). The Effects of Information Asymmetry on Audit Fees. Advances in Economics Management and Political Sciences, 68(1), 129–135. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/68/20241374
Zhang, Y.F., Xu, Q., & Zhang, G.Q. (2023). Optimal contracts with moral hazard and adverse selection in a live streaming commerce market. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 74, 103419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103419
Zhao, N., & Lv, D. (2023). Can Joining the Agricultural Industry Chain Alleviate the Problem of Credit Rationing for Farmers? Agriculture, 13(7), 1382. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13071382